January 25, 2005

Do you want to see the personalities of Justices Breyer and Scalia? You can see the Justices in a discussion on C-SPAN

Justices Stephen Breyer and Antonin Scalia had a videotaped discussion about whether foreign cases should be cited in opinions that rule on U.S Constitutional law. (The discussion was taped by C-Span and can be seen on the C-Span site, as detailed below.)

The discussion was held at the American University School of Law. The justices, along with moderator N.Y.U. law professor Norman Dorsen, sat in easy chairs. (Dorsen was the founding president of the U.S. Association of Constitutional Law.) It wasn't a debate in which each went to a lectern and stated his position. Instead, Professor Dorsen asked some questions, which the justices took turns answering – sometimes. Sometimes Dorsen's questions and questions from the audience were never answered. As the transcript reflects, for instance, after failing to answer one question, Scalia, to the laughter of the audience, admitted, "[T]hat answers none of your questions, but that's what I wanted to say."

More interesting to me than the topic of the discussion was seeing at least the public persona of the justices. Both of them showed a sense of humor. However, Scalia seemed like a Mr. Spock (remember Star Trek?), but a Spock with a sense of humor. Breyer seemed like a warm-hearted Fred Rogers (remember Mr. Rogers?), but a Mr. Rogers with a knowledge of and a love for the law.

What was also interesting was that Justice Scalia allowed C-SPAN to tape the session. A while back, after reporters recorded one of his speeches, U.S. Marshals required the reporters to erase the recordings. Scalia later apologized, and, even later, the Justice Department, representing the U.S. Marshals Service, said the reporters and their employers were each entitled to $1,000 in damages and reasonable attorneys' fees that had been sought by the plaintiff media organizations.

You can see the C-Span video of the discussion, which lasts a little over ninety minutes. Go to www.c-span.org and click on "Justices Scalia & Breyer Discussion on Foreign Courts' Impact."

As far as the citation issue, Justice Breyer was in favor of allowing foreign case law to be cited, not as authoritative or binding, but for whatever wisdom the foreign cases might have. It would be valuable for "opening your eyes." ("What I see in doing is this is what I call opening your eyes, opening your eyes to things that are going on elsewhere, use it for what it's worth.")

Justice Scalia didn't think foreign cases should be cited unless the cases were from England and preceded the ratification of the Constitution:

"I don't use British law for everything. I use British law for those elements of the Constitution that were taken from Britain. The phrase ‘the right to be confronted with witnesses against him' -- what did confrontation consist of in England? It had a meaning to the American colonists, all of whom were intimately familiar with my friend Blackstone. And what they understood when they ratified this Constitution was that they were affirming the rights of Englishmen. So to know what the Constitution meant at the time, you have to know what English law was at the time. And that isn't so for every provision of the Constitution."

Scalia did agree, however, that references were pertinent in cases such as those involving the interpretation of treaties or contracts. The cases, except for those English cases, just should not be cited in interpreting the United States Constitution.

The transcript of the discussion:
http://domino.american.edu/AU/media/mediarel.nsf/1D265343BDC2189785256B810071F238/1F2F7DC4757FD01E85256F890068E6E0?OpenDocument

You can read about the foreign law issue: http://kennethandersonlawofwar.blogspot.com/2005/01/whats-big-deal-about-foreign-law-in-us_02.html

Thanks to a January 11 entry of Goldstein & Howe, P.C. in its SCOTUSblog:
http://www.goldsteinhowe.com/blog/index.cfm which led me to the Kenneth Anderson blog.

Justice Scalia's apology:
http://www.nylawyer.com/news/04/04/041304l.html

Justice Department settlement:
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A58394-2004Sep28.html

A detailed article about the U.S. Marshals requiring the erasing of the recordings:
http://www.silha.umn.edu/Spring%2004/ScaliaTapes.pdf

Posted by ajlevy at January 25, 2005 11:15 AM
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